While Lord Ganesha and Kartikeya are the most widely known sons of Shiva, the idea of a third son varies across traditions
In Hindu mythology, Lord Shiva is widely known as the supreme deity, the destroyer of evil, and the god of transformation. He is often depicted with his divine consort, Goddess Parvati, and their well-known sons, Lord Ganesha and Lord Kartikeya. However, references to a third son of Shiva exist in various scriptures and regional traditions. One of the most commonly mentioned third sons is Ayyappa (or Manikandan), particularly revered in South India. Another name that sometimes appears in lesser-known texts is Andhaka, though his origins and status differ significantly.
Lord Ayyappa, also known as Dharma Shasta, is regarded as the third son of Shiva in certain traditions, particularly in the legends surrounding the Sabarimala temple in Kerala. His birth is associated with both Shiva and Vishnu.
Birth of Ayyappa
According to legend, when the demoness Mahishi wreaked havoc upon the universe, the gods sought a divine solution. Mahishi had received a boon that only a son born of both Shiva and Vishnu could defeat her. To fulfill this condition, Lord Vishnu took the form of Mohini, an enchanting female form, and united with Shiva. From this divine union, Ayyappa was born.
He was later found by King Rajashekhara of the Pandalam dynasty, who raised him as his own son. Ayyappa demonstrated divine abilities from a young age, and his true identity was revealed when he successfully killed Mahishi. After fulfilling his mission, he meditated at Sabarimala, where he is still worshipped by millions of devotees today.
Significance of Ayyappa
Ayyappa symbolizes Dharma (righteousness) and celibacy. Devotees undertake a strict 41-day penance before visiting his shrine, practicing self-discipline, purity, and devotion. His mantra, Swamiye Saranam Ayyappa, is chanted by millions of followers.
Another figure sometimes considered Shiva’s third son is Andhaka. However, his story is vastly different from Ayyappa’s and is found in Puranic texts.
Birth of Andhaka
According to the Shiva Purana, Andhaka was born when Shiva’s sweat fell to the ground. He was raised by the demon king Hiranyaksha, who adopted him and made him his heir. Andhaka grew into a powerful but arrogant being, filled with ego and darkness.
Andhaka’s Downfall
Blinded by his power, Andhaka desired Goddess Parvati and sought to possess her. He waged war against Shiva, unaware of his true parentage. After an intense battle, Shiva ultimately defeated Andhaka. However, recognizing his divine origin, Shiva granted him a place among his followers.
While Lord Ganesha and Kartikeya are the most widely known sons of Shiva, the idea of a third son varies across traditions. Lord Ayyappa is worshipped in South India as a divine son born of Shiva and Mohini, representing righteousness and devotion. Andhaka, on the other hand, represents the consequences of ego and ignorance but was ultimately redeemed by Shiva.
Both figures highlight the diverse and profound stories in Hindu mythology, each teaching valuable lessons about faith, humility, and dharma.
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